Figure 1
From: Identification of Chondrocyte Genes and Signaling Pathways in Response to Acute Joint Inflammation
Effects of IL-1β during the long-term in vitro culture of cartilage explants. (a) Schematic diagram of experimental design. Cylindrical cartilage explants (diameter = 3 mm, thickness = 2 mm) were harvested from the central region of femoral condyle head of bovine knee joint using a biopsy punch. (b) Accumulative loss of sGAG content from cartilage explants during 8-day treatment of different doses of IL-1β. The accumulative sGAG loss was defined as the total sGAG released into the culture medium divided by total sGAG content in explant and culture medium. (c) Accumulative collagen loss from cartilage explant in 24-day treatment of 1 ng/mL IL-1β. (d) The total sGAG content of cartilage explants, which includes the sGAG released into medium (white bar) and sGAG left in explants (grey bar) at the end of 8-day culture. (e) The total collagen content and distribution of collagen in medium and explant after 24-day culture. (f) Safranin O staining of the superficial zone of cartilage explant after 2- and 8-day culture. Scale bar = 200 µm. (g) Mechanical properties of cartilage explants after 8-day IL-1β treatment, including equilibrium Young’s modulus, dynamic modulus, and permeability. All data were shown as mean ± 95% confidence intervals. * vs control, p < 0.001 if otherwise marked.
