Figure 3

Effect of pressure overload on RV hypertrophy and fibrosis. (A) Foxo transcription factor 1; (B) ratio of phosphorylated to total protein kinase B or AKT; (C) ratio of phosphorylated to total P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase; (D) ratio of phosphorylated to total mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR); (E) ratio of phosphorylated to total glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β); (F) ratio of phosphorylated to total extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK); (G) Myostatin; (H) Muscle-specific RING finger protein-1 (MuRF1); (I) representative western blot lanes (for representative purposes the image was cropped and edited) representative membrane protein loading. n = 5 for each group. Values are mean ± SEM, One-way ANOVA. Ba/Deb vs Sh: αp < 0.05; ααp < 0.01; αααp < 0.001; Deb vs Ba: χp < 0.05; χχχp < 0.001.