Table 1 Reported studies on in vivo effect of LPS-treatment on Aβ burden in AβPP-transgenic mice.

From: Systemic LPS-induced Aβ-solubilization and clearance in AβPP-transgenic mice is diminished by heparanase overexpression

Publication

Transgenic mouse Model

Age at (first) injection (months-old)

LPS treatment

Euthanization time after LPS

Effect on Aβ plaques

Effect on Congophilic plaques

Go et al.33

Double-tg: AβPPSwe (K595N, M596L)/PS1 (1ΔE9)

12

2 µg i.h. once

7 days p.i.

Decreased

Unchanged

Thygesen et al.38

Double-tg: AβPPSwe (K595N, M596L)/PS1 (1ΔE9)

9

0.5 mg/kg i.p. once a week for 13 weeks

4 hours p.i.

Decreased

N.I.

Takeda et al.55

Single-tg: AβPPSwe (K670N, M671L), “APP23”

3

10 µg/g i.p. once

N.Ia

No effect on Aβ (ISF)a

N.I.

Michaud et al.28

Double-tg: AβPPSwe (K595N, M596L)/PS1 (A246E)

3

3 µg i.p. once per week for 12 weeks

Directly after last injection

Increased

N.I.

McAlpine et al.56

Triple-tg: AβPPSwe (K670N, M671L)/PS1 (M146V)/tau (P301L), “3xtg-AD”

3 or 4.5

0.25 µg/g i.p. twice a week for 4 weeks

Directly after last injection

Unchangedb

N.I.

Herber et al.34

Single-tg: AβPPSwe (K670N, M671L), “tg2576”

17

10 µg i.h. once

7 days p.i.

Decreased

Unchanged

Malm et al.36

Double-tg: AβPPSwe (K670N, M671L)/PS1 (A246E)

25

4 µg i.h. once

7 days p.i.

Decreased

Unchanged

Herber et al.35

Single-tg: APPSwe (K670N, M671L), “tg2576”

16–17

4 or 10 µg i.h. once

1, 3, 7, 14, 28 days p.i.

Decreased

Unchanged

Quinn et al.37

Single-tg: AβPPSwe (K670N, M671L), “tg2576”

13

25 µg/g i.p. twice (once per month)

7 days p.i.

Decreased

N.I.

Sheng et al.30

Single-tg: AβPPSwe (K595N, M596L)

11 ± 4

1.5 µg i.p. once per week for 12 weeks

Directly after last injection

Increased

N.I.

DiCarlo et al.32

Double-tg: AβPPSwe (K670N, M671L)/PS1 (M146L)

11 or 16

4 µg i.h. once

7 days p.i.

Decreased

Unchanged

Qiao et al.29

Single-tg: AβPPInd (V717F), “PDAPP”

2

10 µg i.c.v. daily for two weeks

Directly after last injection

Increased

Increasedc

Sly et al.31

Single-tg: AβPPSwe (K670N, M671L), “tg2576”

6 or 16

25 µg i.v. once

1, 2, 4, 6, 18 hours p.i.

Increased transiently

N.I.

  1. N.I.: not investigated, p.i.: post-injection, i.h.: intrahippocampal, i.p.: intraperitoneal, i.c.v.: intracerebroventricular, i.v.: intravenous, ISF: brain interstitial fluid. aMeasured in brain ISF from living mice only. bAβPP β-CTP was increased intraneuronal, but Aβ was unchanged. cStained by Thioflavin S, not Congo red.
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