Figure 7
From: Twist-to-bend ratio: an important selective factor for many rod-shaped biological structures

Evolution of the phase field in terms of minimising the torsional rigidity Dz and the minimal flexural rigidity Dmin (\({\sigma }_{1}={\sigma }_{2}=1,{\sigma }_{3}=0\)). (a) Evolution of the shape of the phase field with respect to torsional rigidity Dz and flexural rigidity Dmin. (b) Evolution of the shape of the phase field with respect to the twist-to-bend ratio Dmin/Dz and pseudo-time t. Minimisation of both torsional and minimal flexural rigidity leads to ribbon-like domains. Compared to the previous experiments we now obtain one direction with low and another direction with high flexural rigidity, see (b) and Figs. D1 and D4 in the supplement.