Figure 3

Montane forest potential distribution during HS1 represented by Podocarpus (a) and Araucaria (b), where black and white circles indicate presence and absence, respectively, in pollen records. White areas show SDM maps generated in MaxEnt version 3.3.3k for prediction of montane forests, using presence in pollen records during HS1 correlated with climatic layers from CCSM3 Trace21k dataset. Areas above 610 m elevation are highlighted in red. Dashed line is the border of Brazil. Base layer: Shaded relief image of ETOPO1 Global DEM (continental area: shaded relief illumination from 060°N, 30° above horizon, 40 times vertical exaggeration; oceanic area: illumination from 060°N, 20° above horizon, 5 times vertical exaggeration).