Figure 3

Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination showing the clustering in water chemistry between the mainstem and back-flooded tributary samples from the Santo Antônio reservoir before and after dam closure. There was no pre- versus post-dam difference in the mainstem (PERMANOVA, r2 = 0.01, P = 0.34), but a significant difference was observed in the back-flooded tributaries (PERMANOVA, r2 = 0.07, P < 0.05). Figure adapted from42.