Figure 2
From: Silicon and salicylic acid confer high-pH stress tolerance in tomato seedlings

Effects of alkaline stress on (A) root length and (B) root dry weight. (C) Photograph of the root, illustrating the typical differences between all treatments at each pH. (D) Scanning electron micrographs of the root in response to pH, and Si and SA application. Co-cortex, p-pericycle, Ex-exodermis, Xy-xylem. A solution at pH 6.0 and pH 9.0, respectively, was applied to each pot 3–4 times a week. *,**, *** and **** indicate a significant difference between treatments at a given pH where P < 0.05, 0.01 and 0.001, respectively, and “ns” indicates non-significant differences. Different letter (s) indicate a significant difference (P < 0.05) among all treatments by DMRT test.