Figure 4 | Scientific Reports

Figure 4

From: Defining variation in pre-human ecosystems can guide conservation: An example from a Caribbean coral reef

Figure 4

Quantifying the Historical Range of Variation (HRV) using fossils and comparing them to modern ecosystems can redefine preconceptions of pre-human ecosystems, establish which ecosystem states are truly novel, and reveal ecosystems that retain elements of their prior condition before human impact. Cartoon of localities (dots) along a gradient of ecosystem state, characteristic or other measurable ecological or environmental variable.

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