Table 1 Maternal and infantile characteristics in 4,501 infants with data on hypoglycemia who were born at 32–36 gestational weeks.

From: Synergic interaction between ritodrine and magnesium sulfate on the occurrence of critical neonatal hyperkalemia: A Japanese nationwide retrospective cohort study

Characteristics

Non-hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia

Missing value

P-value

(N = 3,043)

(N = 1,458)

Maternal characteristics

   Age (yr)

32.5 (29.5–36.5)

33.5 (29.5–37.5)

1

0.079

   Nulliparity

1,509 (49.6)

704 (48.3)

0

0.426

Possible maternal risk factors for hypoglycemia

Obstetrical complications

   TPL/shortened CL/CI

1,612 (53.0)

965 (66.2)

0

<0.001

   pPROM

884 (29.1)

290 (19.9)

0

<0.001

   GH/PE/eclampsia/HELLP/AFLP

483 (15.9)

198 (13.6)

0

0.046

   Placental abruption

93 (3.1)

37 (2.5)

0

0.392

   Placenta previa/Low-lying placenta

175 (5.8)

114 (7.8)

0

0.009

   DM

29 (1.0)

16 (1.1)

0

0.634

   GDM

159 (5.2)

77 (5.3)

0

0.943

Cesarean section

1,755/3,018 (58.2)

1,071/1,432 (74.8)

51

<0.001

MgSO4 usage

606 (19.9)

362 (24.8)

0

<0.001

Ritodrine usage

1,371 (45.1)

988 (67.8)

0

<0.001

Combination of MgSO4 and ritodrinea

   Neither MgSO4 nor ritodrine

1,486 (48.8)

423 (29.0)

0

<0.001

   MgSO4 alone

186 (6.1)

47 (3.2)

  

   Ritodrine alone

951 (31.3)

673 (46.2)

  

   Both MgSO4 and ritodrine

420 (13.8)

315 (21.6)

  

Possible children’s risk factors for hypoglycemia

   Gestational weeks at delivery

35.6 (34.2–36.4)

35.6 (34.2–36.4)

0

0.617

   Delivery at <35 wk

1,169 (38.4)

563 (38.6)

0

0.922

   Birthweight (g)

2,202 (1,916–2,464)

2,150 (1,820–2,432)

0

<0.001

   Twins/Triplets

770 (25.3)

572 (39.2)

0

<0.001

   Sex: male

1,732/3,042 (56.9)

788 (54.0)

1

0.072

   SGA infants

342 (11.2)

196 (13.4)

0

0.035

   Large-for-gestational-age infants

33 (1.1)

18 (1.2)

0

0.654

   Apgar score at 1 min <3

93/3,040 (3.1)

43/1,456 (3.0)

5

0.926

  1. Abbreviations: yr, years old; TPL, threatened preterm labor; CL, cervical length; CI, cervical incompetency; pPROM, preterm premature rupture of the membranes; GH, gestational hypertension; PE, preeclampsia; HELLP, hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets; AFLP, acute fatty liver of pregnancy; DM, diabetes mellitus; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; wk, gestational weeks; SGA, small-for-gestational-age; min, minute.
  2. This analysis was performed using”Hypoglycemia set”.
  3. Continuous variables are shown as median (interquartile range), and discrete variables are shown as n (%).
  4. The statistical differences between infants with vs. without hypoglycemia were tested using the Mann-Whitney test, Fisher’s exact test, or χ2 test.
  5. a The incidence of HG in women with “no usage of either MgSO4 or ritodrine (Group 1: G1)”, “MgSO4 alone (Group 2: G2)”, “ritodrine alone (Group 3: G3)”, and “both MgSO4 and ritodrine (Group 4: G4)” was 22.2, 20.2, 41.4, and 42.9%, respectively. Significant pairs by Bonferroni test were G1 vs. G3, G1 vs. G4, G2 vs. G3, and G2 vs. G4.
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