Figure 3

Effect of post-natal penicillin treatment on gene expression in the brain. Male and female mice were treated with penicillin (PenV), penicillin and concurrent L. rhamnosus JB-1 (PenV + JB-1) or vehicle and expression of Arginine Vasopressin Receptors 1a (AVPR1a) and 1b (AVPR1b), oxytocin receptor (OxtR) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was assessed in the hippocampus (A,B), hypothalamus (C,D) and frontal cortex (E&F). (n = 9, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01).