Figure 4
Instances of the differing 14C offsets between the Mediterranean-Near East and IntCal20 (± 1σ) at various periods. (a) The 1,700–1,500 BCE period, where IntCal20 is informed predominantly by many new AMS 14C dates1,2, shows little offset (contrary to the previous IntCal1310,27) and low elevation Mediterranean time series from Miletos, western Turkey, and Noceto (NOC), northern Italy, fit the calibration curve closely and show a negligible offset (the ~ 1,487 BCE NOC date may be an interesting exception, see text). Difference NOC versus IntCal20: 1.7 ± 6.1 14C years; difference Miletos versus IntCal20: 1.2 ± 10.0 14C years. Combined OxCal24 ΔR with neutral prior of 0 ± 10 14C years gives μ ± σ of 2.1 ± 5.3 14C years. (b) Small positive 14C offset during the Amarna period in Egypt contemporary with a reversal in the 14C calibration curve, especially at time of the death of Tutankhamun, when it reaches ~ 19 14C years (but IntCal20 in this period is largely based on legacy 14C data—thus the offset observed may reduce once IntCal20 is updated with modern AMS 14C data for this interval).
