Table 2 SPARTAN site-by-site information.

From: Large global variations in measured airborne metal concentrations driven by anthropogenic sources

City

Host Institute

Latitude

Longitude

Elevation (m)

Site type

Population density (/km2)a

Filters sampled

First sample end date

Last sample end date

Seasons sampled inb

Dhaka

University of Dhaka

23.728

90.398

34

Megacity c

80,790

49

25-Oct-13

12-Oct-15

1,2,3,4

Bandung

Institute of Technology Bandung

− 6.888

107.610

826

Urban background

22,280

78

19-Jan-14

23-Dec-16

1,2,3,4

Hanoi

Vietnam Academy of Science

21.048

105.800

40

Urban background

21,430

12

09-Jun-15

09-Dec-17

1,3,4

Beijing

Tsinghua University

40.004

116.326

92

Megacity

18,300

171

03-Sep-13

05-Oct-17

1,2,3,4

Manila

Manila Observatory

14.635

121.078

63

Megacity

17,640

10

02-May-14

22-Oct-15

2,3,4

Pretoria

CSIR

− 25.757

28.280

1449

Urban background

13,400

4

27-Oct-15

29-May-16

2,4

Buenos Aires

CITEDEF

− 34.555

− 58.506

26

Megacity

9160

43

11-Oct-14

14-Oct-16

1,2,3,4

Singapore

National University of Singapore

1.298

103.780

30

Urban background

5460

41

14-Apr-16

14-Dec-17

1,2,3,4

Halifax

Dalhousie University

44.638

− 63.594

65

Urban background

5040

56

27-Aug-17

01-Apr-19

1,2,3,4

Toronto

Environment Canada

43.790

− 79.470

186

Urban background

3800

61

13-Jul-17

10-Mar-19

1,2,3,4

Kanpur

IIT Kanpur

26.513

80.232

123

Urban background

3250

21

23-Dec-13

26-Sep-14

1,2,3,4

Ilorin

University of Ilorin

8.484

4.675

400

Urban background

1620

17

29-Jun-14

23-Apr-19

1,2,3,4

Rehovot

Weizmann Institute

31.907

34.811

73

Urban background

1440

76

22-Feb-15

03-Oct-18

1,2,3,4

Sherbrooke

Université de Sherbrooke

45.380

− 71.931

251

Urban background

1190

52

06-Jul-17

20-Mar-19

1,2,3,4

Lethbridge

University of Lethbridge

49.682

− 112.869

904

Urban background

590

30

03-Sep-17

23-Jan-19

1,3,4

Atlanta

Emory University

33.688

− 84.290

250

Suburban

540

21

27-Jan-14

22-Apr-14

1,2

Kelowna

Environment Canada

49.941

− 119.400

456

Suburban

61

17

10-Nov-17

06-Mar-19

1,2,4

Mammoth Cave

Mammoth Cave National Park

37.132

− 86.148

235

Natural

13

21

09-Jun-14

12-Aug-14

3

Bondville

University of Illinois

40.053

− 88.372

200

Rural

2

21

20-Aug-15

14-Apr-16

1,2,3,4

  1. Sites are sorted from highest population density to lowest.
  2. aPopulation density is reported for a 1 km radius based on NASA’s Gridded Population of the World65.
  3. bFor concision, seasons are labelled as such: 1—Dec–Feb, 2—Mar–May, 3—Jun–Aug, 4—Sept–Nov.
  4. cMegacities are defined as having 10 million or more inhabitants66.
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