Figure 2
From: Differences of the tumour cell glycocalyx affect binding of capsaicin-loaded chitosan nanocapsules
Characterisation of the glycocalyx. (a) Analysis of genes involved in heparan sulphate and hyaluronic acid biosynthesis in T24 (bladder cancer cells), UROtsa (benign urothelial cells), BLM and MV3 (melanoma cell lines) by qRT-PCR, with relative expression levels increasing from blue (not expressed) to red (strongly expressed). Measurements were done as multiple PCR runs in triplicates; corresponding data are presented in Supplementary Table S1. (b) Stimulated emission depletion microscopy images of the glycocalyx of T24, UROtsa, BLM and MV3 showing that the surface morphology was strongly dependent on the origin of the cell. T24 and UROtsa cells exposed tube-like cellular protrusions (white arrow), whereas BLM and MV3 cells produced bleb-like protrusions (white arrowhead). Scale bars = 1 µm. The shown inserts were placed in dark image areas to prevent overlapping of multiple fluorescence signals but to enable the resolution of single glycan spots. Glycans were stained by ATTO 646 N-conjugated WGA. (c) Profile of the stimulated emission depletion microscope images indicating that the average space between the glycoprotein clusters is approximately 200 nm. (d) Schematic drawing of cell membrane bound proteoglycans.
