Figure 7
From: Combined effects of crude oil exposure and warming on eggs and larvae of an arctic forage fish
The effects of temperature and WSF crude oil exposure on exogenously feeding larvae (day 52 for 2.8 °C and day 76 for 0.5 °C) morphometrics, development and phenotype: (A) log [length (mm)] of larvae and (B) Specific growth rate (% length day-1) and displayed as treatment means (± SEM depicted as bars, each point includes four incubator means from 30 larvae). Fitted dashed lines are the result of a gls model using incubator as a random factor. The terms of the GLS model for larval length and SGR are displayed in the respective panels with the ANOVA test F-values and p-values. Specific growth rate was calculated between day 28–52 for the warm group and day 50–76 for the cold group. The frequency of occurrence/prevalence of (C) swim bladder inflation; (D) feeding success; (E) pericardial edema; (F) jaw deformities; and (G) spinal curvature represented as treatment mean percentages (± SEM depicted as bars, each point includes 4 incubator deformity scores). Fitted dashed lines are the results of LME model using incubator as a random factor. The terms of the LME models for each parameters is displayed in the respective panels with the associated ANOVA test F-values and p-values. For all panels, colors, shapes, and line types distinguish temperature groups. An asterisk (*) above a treatment group indicates a statistically significant difference from the unexposed group, a triangle (open triangle) with an asterisk indicates a statistically significant interaction between temperature and crude oil exposure at the adjacent crude oil treatment group. Typical phenotypes of exogenously feeding larva exposed to (H) Control oil treatment in the cold group; (I) Cold, high oil treatment; and (J) warm, high oil treatment.
