Figure 3 | Scientific Reports

Figure 3

From: Smell of green leaf volatiles attracts white storks to freshly cut meadows

Figure 3

Summary of the reactions of storks towards natural or simulated farming activities in all observations and experiments. For all observations, the prevailing wind direction was standardized towards 180°. (A) All dots indicate independent observations of single storks or groups of storks who had visual contact with each other, i.e., stood together in a field or flew together within a flock. The large circle indicates the compass directions towards storks from each respective field. Colored dots indicate different natural or experimental situations. Open circles show storks that stayed at their locations independent of fresh farming activity, closed circles highlight storks (individuals or groups shown as one dot) that approached the farmers. The response time to approach a freshly mown field increases towards the right on the x-axis, which is standardized by wind speed and distance and thus dimensionless for each observation. The blue shaded area encompasses all storks that approached the farming activity. No stork approached freshly farmed fields from an upwind ___location. The two dotted lines prescribe the angle (ca. ± 45° from downwind) below which all storks except one (open circle) flew towards the odor source. Note that the x-axis is dimensionless ((start farming-start flight)/(distance/wind speed)) and for all filled circles indicates how quickly storks reacted as soon as the wind arrived at their ___location, presumably carrying the odors. The y-axis indicates the angle where storks were located towards the source of the odor. (B) From a downwind cone of ca. ± 45°, storks approached ongoing natural farming activities (black dots), experimental farming (brown dots) or the pure spraying of leaf alcohol (green dots). The line indicates a significant linear regression for all approaches (y = 0.017x + 0.98; R2 = 0.41; p < 0.0001).

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