Table 1 Joinpoint analysis for age-standardised mortality rates (ASMRs) per 100,000 population resulting directly from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in males.
From: Trends in type 2 diabetes mellitus disease burden in European Union countries between 1990 and 2019
| Â | Trend 1 | Trend 2 | Trend 3 | Trend 4 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Years | EAPC | Years | EAPC | Years | EAPC | Years | EAPC | |
Austria | 1990–2000 | − 0.4* (−0.7 to − 0.1) | 2000–2005 |  + 9.5* (+ 8.3 to  + 10.8) | 2005–2011 | −3.9* (− 4.6 to − 3.1) | 2011–2019 | −1.2* (−1.6 to−0.8) |
Belgium | 1990–1999 |  + 0.4* (+ 0.1 to + 0.8) | 1999–2009 | −1.7* (−2.0 to− 1.4) | 2009–2016 | −2.7* (−3.3 to − 2.1) | 2016–2019 |  + 1.0 (− 0.8 to + 2.9) |
Bulgaria | 1990–1996 |  + 4.8* (+ 4.0 to + 5.7) | 1996–2007 | −0.9* (− 1.3 to − 0.6) | 2007–2013 | − 3.8* (− 4.9 to − 2.8) | 2013–2019 |  + 1.7* (+ 0.9 to + 2.5) |
Croatia | 1990–1997 |  + 4.2* (+ 3.3 to + 5.1) | 1997–2001 | − 3.9* (− 7.1 to − 0.6) | 2001–2007 |  + 1.3 (− 0.2 to + 2.8) | 2007–2019 | − 1.1* (− 1.5 to − 0.7) |
Cyprus | 1990–1993 |  + 7.3* (+ 3.5 to + 11.3) | 1993–2010 | − 1.9* (− 2.2 to − 1.7) | 2010–2019 | − 5.8* (− 6.4 to − 5.2) |  |  |
Czech Republic | 1990–1996 | − 9.9* (− 10.8 to − 9.1) | 1996–2005 |  + 3.4* (+ 2.8 to + 4.0) | 2005–2015 |  + 7.1* (+ 6.5 to + 7.6) | 2015–2019 | − 1.5 (− 3.2 to + 0.2) |
Denmark | 1990–1996 |  + 1.3* (+ 0.3 to + 2.4) | 1996–1999 |  + 8.5* (+ 2.2 to + 15.1) | 1999–2003 |  + 4.7* (+ 1.7 to + 7.9) | 2003–2019 | − 1.9* (− 2.1 to − 1.7) |
Estonia | 1990–1999 |  + 2.4* (+ 1.0 to + 3.9) | 1999–2007 |  + 7.0* (+ 4.8 to + 9.3) | 2007–2010 | − 10.9 (− 23.7 to + 4.1) | 2010–2019 | − 1.5* (− 2.9 to − 0.1) |
Finland | 1990–2002 | − 0.9* (− 1.1 to − 0.7) | 2002–2012 | − 2.4* (− 2.7 to − 2.1) | 2012–2019 | − 0.1 (− 0.6 to + 0.4) |  |  |
France | 1990–1995 |  + 0.4 (− 0.4 to + 1.3) | 1995–2002 |  + 6.4* (+ 5.7 to + 7.0) | 2002–2016 | − 2.7* (− 2.9 to − 2.5) | 2016–2019 | 0.0 (− 1.8 to + 1.9) |
Germany | 1990–1995 |  + 2.9* (+ 2.0 to + 3.8) | 1995–1999 | − 4.9* (− 6.7 to − 3.0) | 1999–2007 | − 2.2* (− 2.7 to − 1.6) | 2007–2019 | − 0.2 (− 0.4 to 0.0) |
Greece | 1990–1998 | − 4.4* (− 5.0 to − 3.9) | 1998–2001 |  + 2.1 (− 2.8 to + 7.2) | 2001–2007 |  + 4.3* (+ 3.1 to + 5.4) | 2007–2019 | − 0.9* (− 1.2 to − 0.7) |
Hungary | 1990–2000 |  + 1.3* (+ 0.7 to + 1.9) | 2000–2006 |  + 6.2* (+ 4.3 to + 8.1) | 2006–2013 | − 2.8* (− 4.1 to − 1.5) | 2013–2019 |  + 0.9 (− 0.4 to + 2.3) |
Ireland | 1990–1993 |  + 2.1 (− 0.4 to + 4.6) | 1993–2006 | − 0.8* (− 1.1 to − 0.5) | 2006–2014 | − 3.7* (− 4.3 to − 3.1) | 2014–2019 | − 0.7 (− 1.8 to + 0.5) |
Italy | 1990–2009 | − 0.6* (− 0.7 to − 0.5) | 2009–2019 | − 1.1* (− 1.4 to − 0.9) |  |  |  |  |
Latvia | 1990–1994 |  + 12.2* (+ 6.7 to + 17.9) | 1994–2000 | − 3.0 (− 6.3 to + 0.5) | 2000–2010 |  + 5.5* (+ 4.0 to + 7.0) | 2010–2019 | − 1.8* (− 3.2 to − 0.4) |
Lithuania | 1990–1994 |  + 6.9* (+ 3.3 to + 10.5) | 1994–1999 | − 4.6* (− 7.8 to − 1.4) | 1999–2006 |  + 3.8* (+ 2.0 to + 5.7) | 2006–2019 | − 0.5 (− 1.0 to + 0.1 |
Luxembourg | 1990–2005 | − 0.7* (− 0.9 to − 0.5) | 2005–2013 | − 2.3* (− 2.9 to − 1.8) | 2013–2016 | − 4.2* (− 8.0 to − 0.3) | 2016–2019 | − 0.3 (− 2.3 to + 1.7) |
Malta | 1990–1996 | − 3.7* (− 4.9 to − 2.5) | 1996–2005 |  + 0.8 (0.0 to + 1.6) | 2005–2019 | − 2.3* (− 2.6 to − 1.9) |  |  |
Netherlands | 1990–1997 | − 1.6* (− 2.0 to − 1.2) | 1997–2003 |  + 2.3* (+ 1.6 to + 3.0) | 2003–2013 | − 5.7* (− 6.0 to − 5.5) | 2013–2019 |  + 0.5 (− 0.1 to + 1.0) |
Poland | 1990–2001 | − 2.0* (− 2.4 to − 1.6) | 2001–2012 |  + 2.7* (+ 2.3 to + 3.2) | 2012–2019 |  + 0.1 (− 0.7 to + 0.8) |  |  |
Portugal | 1990–1992 |  + 4.8* (+ 0.9 to + 8.8) | 1992–2002 |  + 1.0* (+ 0.7 to + 1.4) | 2002–2015 | − 2.9* (− 3.1 to − 2.7) | 2015– 2019 | − 0.7 (− 1.9 to + 0.5) |
Romania | 1990–1996 |  + 0.2 (− 0.8 to + 1.2) | 1996–2000 | − 6.0* (− 8.7 to − 3.1) | 2000–2003 |  + 3.9 (− 2.1 to + 10.3) | 2003–2019 |  + 0.9* (+ 0.7 to + 1.2) |
Slovakia | 1990–1996 | − 3.4* (− 4.2 to − 2.6) | 1996–1999 |  + 2.5 (− 2.5 to + 7.7) | 1999–2006 | − 1.7* (− 2.5 to − 0.8) | 2006–2019 | − 1.0* (− 1.2 to − 0.7) |
Slovenia | 1990–1994 |  + 14.4* (+ 11.1 to + 17.9) | 1994–2003 |  + 1.3* (+ 0.2 to + 2.3) | 2003–2009 | − 11.1* (− 13.0 to − 9.2) | 2009–2019 | − 0.8* (− 1.5 to − 0.1) |
Spain | 1990–2006 | − 1.2* (− 1.3 to − 1.1) | 2006–2014 | − 3.8* (− 4.1 to − 3.4) | 2014–2019 | − 0.8* (− 1.4 to − 0.1) |  |  |
Sweden | 1990–2006 |  + 1.1* (+ 1.0 to + 1.2) | 2006–2014 | − 2.2* (− 2.6 to − 1.7) | 2014–2019 | − 0.1 (− 0.8 to + 0.6) |  |  |
United Kingdom | 1990–2003 | − 2.4* (− 2.5 to − 2.2) | 2003–2011 | − 4.1* (− 4.5 to − 3.8) | 2011–2019 | 0.0 (− 0.3 to + 0.3) |  |  |
