Figure 4
From: Artificial intelligence deep learning for 3D IC reliability prediction
The distributions of volume and area of the cross-section of all the 400 microbumps at their (A), (B) initial and (C), (D) reflowed states. (E) The distribution of the cross-section area loss percentage. (F) The volume loss of the entire microbump, (G) The area loss, and (H) The area loss percentage at the middle cross-section versus the initial volume of all the 400 microbumps.
