Figure 1

The graphical abstract of the study. Patients were classified into two groups: the Control group (only surgery) and the Test group (surgery + IORT). 3D experiments: On day 0, (A, B) Mechanically and enzymatically dissociation of the tumor specimens, respectively. (C, D) Filtration of the dissociated specimens using 100 µm and 40 µm cell strainers, respectively. (E) Embedding the spheroids into prepared collagen gel solution. (F) Filling the gel (collagen + spheroids) into the central channels and RPMI + FBS into media channels of the microfluidic devices. On days 1–6, I: Control device whose side channels are loading up with RPMI + FBS. II: Test device whose media channels are loading up with 24 h-wound fluid (WF/WF-RT). Optical imaging and media replacement were accomplished from day 0 to day 6 (RPMI + FBS for control devices and 24 h-wound fluid for test devices). On day 6, Live/Dead staining, immunocytochemistry, and fluorescent imaging. 2D experiments: assays on breast cancer cell lines under 24 h-WF/WF-RT treatment. The figure was created using Biorender (https://biorender.com).