Figure 2

The effect of betulinaldehyde on the intracellular signaling pathways of A549 cells. (A) A549 cells were treated with 20-μM betulinaldehyde at different time points before the cell extracts were analyzed using the western blotting technique. The statistical analyses of (B) p-Akt, (C) p-ERK1/2, and (D) p-STAT3 are included. Cropped images are displayed, uncropped blots are displayed in Supplementary Fig. 1. The images were collected from different parts of the same gel with same loading amounts. The blot gels shown are representatives of three different experiments (n = 3). All values are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 3). Statistical significance was evaluated by one-way analysis of variance followed by LSD for post hoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 versus 5 min group.