Table 2 Changes in soil chemical, physical, and biological indicators of C. dabieshanensis forests between different soil layers.
From: Long-term intensive management reduced the soil quality of a Carya dabieshanensis forest
Indicator | 0–10 cm | 11–20 cm | 21–30 cm | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± standard deviation | CV (%) | Mean ± standard deviation | CV (%) | Mean ± standard deviation | CV (%) | |
TN (g·kg−1) | 2.96 ± 0.67c | 22.66 | 2.19 ± 0.58b | 26.46 | 1.81 ± 0.46a | 25.73 |
TP (g·kg−1) | 0.52 ± 0.16c | 31.14 | 0.35 ± 0.12a | 33.44 | 0.43 ± 0.13b | 28.96 |
TK (g·kg−1) | 23.13 ± 3.75b | 16.23 | 20.22 ± 3.00a | 14.84 | 20.63 ± 3.96a | 19.20 |
pH | 5.06 ± 0.18a | 3.56 | 5.11 ± 0.15a | 2.86 | 5.21 ± 0.16b | 3.15 |
SOC (g·kg−1) | 23.92 ± 5.69c | 23.78 | 16.01 ± 3.42b | 21.40 | 12.89 ± 3.08a | 23.90 |
AN (mg·kg−1) | 299.84 ± 56.59c | 18.87 | 215.99 ± 47.23b | 21.86 | 174.36 ± 43.16a | 24.75 |
AK (mg·kg−1) | 71.46 ± 15.57c | 21.78 | 51.80 ± 9.47b | 18.29 | 46.77 ± 10.21a | 21.83 |
AP (mg·kg−1) | 17.02 ± 3.66b | 21.52 | 8.97 ± 1.96a | 21.88 | 8.31 ± 2.98a | 35.90 |
MC (%) | 15.05 ± 2.50a | 16.65 | 14.31 ± 2.35a | 16.41 | 14.26 ± 2.70a | 18.94 |
EC (μs·cm−1) | 59.63 ± 13.51b | 22.66 | 44.33 ± 10.86a | 24.50 | 39.29 ± 11.95a | 30.40 |
BD (g·cm−3) | 1.14 ± 0.17a | 15.10 | 1.27 ± 0.16b | 12.71 | 1.35 ± 0.13c | 9.77 |
TPO (%) | 56.48 ± 4.99c | 8.84 | 52.66 ± 4.81b | 9.13 | 50.27 ± 3.76a | 7.48 |
SMBP (mg·kg−1) | 6.29 ± 0.92c | 14.60 | 5.48 ± 0.90b | 15.36 | 4.94 ± 0.64a | 12.89 |
SMBC (mg·kg−1) | 210.90 ± 55.48c | 26.31 | 174.16 ± 38.51b | 22.11 | 141.57 ± 32.74a | 23.12 |
SMBN (mg·kg−1) | 77.61 ± 10.49c | 13.51 | 66.52 ± 7.13b | 10.71 | 48.96 ± 3.40a | 6.94 |
S-ACP (U·g−1) | 61.92 ± 6.04b | 9.76 | 43.02 ± 5.59a | 12.99 | 43.20 ± 4.91a | 11.37 |
S-UE (U·g−1) | 16.18 ± 2.55c | 15.76 | 14.34 ± 2.20b | 15.37 | 12.76 ± 1.29a | 10.10 |
S-SC (U·g−1) | 2.30 ± 0.41c | 17.88 | 2.12 ± 0.28b | 13.27 | 1.92 ± 0.18a | 9.16 |
S-β-GC (U·g−1) | 60.38 ± 6.50c | 10.76 | 53.81 ± 6.42b | 11.94 | 47.83 ± 6.19a | 12.93 |
T-Pro (U·g−1) | 9.41 ± 1.27c | 13.46 | 7.85 ± 1.30b | 16.53 | 6.67 ± 0.81a | 12.10 |