Table 4 Univarite analysis of risk factors in respiratory disease mortality.

From: The effect of lifestyle on the mortality associated with respiratory diseases in the general population

 

Respiratory diseases including malignancy (n = 1263)

Respiratory diseases excluding malignancy (n = 437)

Malignant neoplasm of respiratory tract (n = 826)

Hazard ratio

95% CI

p value

Hazard ratio

95% CI

p value

Hazard ratio

95% CI

p value

Sex (men)

3.595

3.182

4.071

 < 0.0001*

3.780

3.069

4.689

 < 0.0001*

3.503

3.016

4.082

 < 0.0001*

Age (+ 1 year)

1.106

1.095

1.118

 < 0.0001*

1.132

1.111

1.155

 < 0.0001*

1.094

1.081

1.108

 < 0.0001*

Body mass index (+ 1 kg/m2)

0.959

0.943

0.976

 < 0.0001*

0.902

0.874

0.930

 < 0.0001*

0.989

0.968

1.009

0.2727

Waist circumference (+ 1 cm)

0.999

0.993

1.005

0.8277

0.983

0.973

0.993

0.0011*

1.008

1.000

1.015

0.0385*

Systolic blood pressure (+ 1 mmHg)

1.006

1.003

1.009

0.0004*

1.002

0.997

1.008

0.3949

1.007

1.004

1.011

0.0002*

Diastolic blood pressure (+ 1 mmHg)

0.997

0.991

1.002

0.1773

0.986

0.978

0.995

0.0021*

1.002

0.996

1.008

0.5788

Weight gain more than 10 kg since age 20

0.927

0.813

1.055

0.2521

0.744

0.589

0.932

0.0097*

1.039

0.884

1.217

0.6427

Exercise habit for more than 30 min

0.896

0.789

1.016

0.0878

0.663

0.534

0.834

0.0003*

1.042

0.892

1.217

0.6004

Habit of walking and/or physical activity

0.868

0.767

0.982

0.0241*

0.718

0.581

0.886

0.0019*

0.960

0.824

1.119

0.6015

Fast walking speed

0.547

0.480

0.622

 < 0.0001*

0.308

0.239

0.391

 < 0.0001*

0.719

0.614

0.839

 < 0.0001*

Smoking history

2.278

2.016

2.570

 < 0.0001*

1.265

0.987

1.601

0.0629

2.947

2.550

3.398

 < 0.0001*

Drinking habits

1.142

1.020

1.278

0.0217*

0.876

0.721

1.062

0.1768

1.314

1.142

1.513

0.0001*

Adequate sleep

1.366

1.168

1.606

 < 0.0001*

1.124

0.879

1.456

0.3567

1.536

1.256

1.896

 < 0.0001*

History of cerebrovascular diseases

2.647

2.148

3.225

 < 0.0001*

3.335

2.407

4.504

 < 0.0001*

2.289

1.733

2.963

 < 0.0001*

History of cardiovascular diseases

2.217

1.845

2.641

 < 0.0001*

2.632

1.961

3.462

 < 0.0001*

2.000

1.575

2.504

 < 0.0001*

History of chronic renal failure

1.313

0.721

2.169

0.3496

2.341

1.064

4.394

0.0361*

0.771

0.276

1.664

0.5455

History of anemia

0.979

0.801

1.184

0.8288

1.096

0.788

1.484

0.5754

0.917

0.709

1.166

0.4893

Medication of hypertension

1.555

1.386

1.741

 < 0.0001*

1.516

1.246

1.839

 < 0.0001*

1.575

1.367

1.812

 < 0.0001*

Medication of diabetes

2.220

1.843

2.650

 < 0.0001*

3.435

2.621

4.430

 < 0.0001*

1.627

1.248

2.081

0.0005*

Medication of dyslipidemia

0.970

0.825

1.135

0.7098

0.898

0.673

1.175

0.4414

1.009

0.827

1.221

0.9247

Fasting blood glucose (+ 1 mg/dl)

1.009

1.007

1.010

 < 0.0001*

1.009

1.006

1.012

 < 0.0001*

1.008

1.006

1.010

 < 0.0001*

Hemoglobin A1c (+ 1%)

1.268

1.203

1.330

 < 0.0001*

1.316

1.211

1.416

 < 0.0001*

1.239

1.157

1.319

 < 0.0001*

Triglyceride (+ 1 mg/dl)

1.000

1.000

1.001

0.1650

0.999

0.997

1.000

0.0431*

1.001

1.000

1.002

0.0038*

High density lipoprotein cholesterol (+ 1 mg/dl)

0.979

0.975

0.983

 < 0.0001*

0.982

0.975

1.018

 < 0.0001*

0.978

0.973

0.983

 < 0.0001*

Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (+ 1 mg/dl)

0.990

0.988

0.991

 < 0.0001*

0.987

0.984

0.990

 < 0.0001*

0.991

0.989

0.993

 < 0.0001*

Aspartate aminotransferase (+ 1 U/L)

1.004

1.002

1.006

0.0002*

1.005

1.002

1.007

0.0018*

1.004

1.001

1.006

0.0271*

Alanine aminotransferase (+ 1 U/L)

0.996

0.991

0.999

0.0443*

0.996

0.989

1.004

0.2793

0.996

0.990

1.001

0.0889

Hemoglobin (+ 1 g/dl)

1.045

0.983

1.111

0.1578

0.931

0.837

1.038

0.1940

1.104

1.024

1.186

0.0097*

Hematocrit (1%)

1.015

0.993

1.037

0.1883

0.976

0.940

1.014

0.2168

1.032

1.006

1.059

0.0157*

Red blood cell (+ 1 /μL)

0.999

0.998

1.001

0.0588

0.998

0.996

1.002

0.0799

0.999

0.998

1.001

0.2835

Uric acid (+ 1 mg/dl)

1.072

1.055

1.084

 < 0.0001*

1.071

1.041

1.090

0.0002*

1.072

1.051

1.086

 < 0.0001*

Creatinine (+ 1 mg/dl)

1.334

1.251

1.404

 < 0.0001*

1.388

1.269

1.482

 < 0.0001*

1.291

1.166

1.389

 < 0.0001*

Estimated glomerular filtration rate (+ 1 mL/min/1.73m2)

1.000

0.997

1.004

0.9332

1.005

1.000

1.007

0.0427*

0.996

0.992

1.001

0.1067

Urinary protein (positive)

1.789

1.554

2.051

 < 0.0001*

2.310

1.845

2.867

 < 0.0001*

1.538

1.280

1.834

 < 0.0001*

  1. Asterisk means p < 0.05, statistically significant.
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