Figure 5

Cardiac inflammation. (A) MCP-1 and (B) IL-1β gene expression levels determined by qRT-PCR and expressed relative to non-diabetic BPN mice. (C) Representative images and (D) quantification of CD68 immunostaining in cardiac tissue. Arrows demonstrate positive staining of macrophages. Scale bars represent 100 µm. (E) Cardiac white blood cell (WBC) determined by Hemavet technology. (F) Quantified abundance of CD45 + leukocytes in the heart by Flow Cytometry. Bars represent mean ± SEM with individual values plotted. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 as indicated.