Figure 6

Perturbation of Ppp4c interferes with normal X. laevis embryogenesis. Phenotype (a) and quantitative data (b) of Ppp4c overexpression in X. laevis embryos. Embryos were injected with ppp4c mRNA in dorsal animal site at stage 3 and cultured into tailbud stage. N = 3. Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). ‘Mild’ phenotype, reduction of eye and cement gland; ‘Severe’ phenotype, loss of head structure. (c) WMISH of Ppp4c overexpression embryos with indicated probes. Red color marks the injection site. ppp4c mRNA, 2 ng; lacZ mRNA, 250 pg. Phenotype (d) and quantitative data (e) of ppp4c MO in X. laevis embryos. Embryos were injected with ppp4c MO in animal region at stage 1 and cultured into tailbud stage. N = 3. Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). ‘Mild’ phenotype, reduction of RPE or melanocytes; ‘Severe’ phenotype, reduction of head size, and complete loss of RPE and melanocytes. Phenotype (f) and quantitative data (g) of Ppp4c-KD and rescue in X. laevis embryos. Embryos were injected with indicated reagents in animal region at stage 1 and cultured into tailbud stage. Co MO, 60 ng; ppp4c MO, 60 ng; Rescue, ppp4c MO 60 ng + Re.ppp4c mRNA 500 pg. N = 3. Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). ‘Anterior and Melanocyte Defects’ phenotype, reduction of head size, and complete loss of RPE and melanocytes. **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. Student t-test. , dorsal and lateral melanocytes; , RPE.