Table 1 Clinical and radiological characteristics of the enrolled patients with adult hemorrhagic moyamoya disease.

From: Autophagy and mitophagy-related extracellular mitochondrial dysfunction of cerebrospinal fluid cells in patients with hemorrhagic moyamoya disease

Variables

Number of patients (%)

Clinical characteristics

 Female

27 (62.8%)

 Age, years

47.4 ± 9.7

 Hypertension

5 (11.6%)

 Diabetes mellitus

4 (9.3%)

 Hyperlipidemia

4 (9.3%)

 Smoking

6 (14.0%)

 Familial history

8 (18.6%)

 Prior ischemic symptoms

14 (32.6%)

Radiologic findings

 Unilateral MMD

9 (20.9%)

 Suzuki grade

3.9 ± 1.2

 PCA involvement

9 (20.9%)

 Type of hemorrhage

  IVH

21 (48.8%)

  ICH

9 (20.9%)

  ICH with IVH

10 (23.3%)

  SAH

3 (7.0%)

Treatment at first bleeding

 Conservative treatment

23 (53.5%)

 Extraventricular drainage

13 (30.2%)

 Hematoma removal

7 (16.3%)

  1. PCA posterior cerebral artery, IVH intraventricular hemorrhage, ICH intracranial hemorrhage, SAH subarachnoid hemorrhage.
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