Table 1 Pre-experimental soil, biochar, and irrigation characteristics.
Soil | Values | Biochar | Values | Irrigation | Values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH | 8.26 | pH | 8.21 | pH | 6.94 |
ECe (dS/m) | 3.11 | ECe (dS/m) | 3.05 | EC (µS/cm) | 471 |
Soil Organic Matter (%) | 0.65 | Volatile Matter (%) | 25 | Carbonates (meq./L) | 0.00 |
TN (%) | 0.04 | Fixed carbon (%) | 45 | Bicarbonates (meq./L) | 4.11 |
EP (mg/kg) | 9.87 | TN (%) | 0.07 | Chloride (meq./L) | 0.10 |
AK (mg/kg) | 139 | TP (%) | 0.19 | Ca + Mg (meq./L) | 2.99 |
Sand (%) | 25 | TK (%) | 0.33 | Sodium (mg/L) | 123 |
Silt (%) | 40 | TCd (µg/g) | 0.09 | TN = Total nitrogen EP = Extractable phosphorus AK = Available potassium CEC = Cation exchange capacity EC = Electrical conductivity | |
Clay (%) | 35 | TCd = Total cadmium | |||
Texture | Clay loam | Particle size |  < 2 mm | ||
