Figure 3

Causal effects of AMI or CHD on the risk of GSD assessed by inverse Mendelian randomization method. (A) AMI for exposure, GSD for outcome. (B) CHD for exposure, GSD for outcome. GSD gallstone disease, AMI acute myocardial infarction, IVW inverse-variance weighted, MR-PRESSO MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval.