Figure 1
Geographical localizations of genetic groups and human pre-Columbian cultures associated to the archaeological items analyzed. The eleven genetic groups of the T. cacao species, as previously reported4, are indicated at the right top of the figure and their native areas localized in the map with the corresponding colors. Stars represent the area of cultivation of the three old varieties: Criollo (red), Amelonado (light blue) and Nacional (yellow), and with their corresponding wild genetic group, except for Criollo, for which there is no very close wild-type genetic group. The approximate sites of occupation of human pre-Columbian cultures associated to archaeological items investigated in this study are represented on the map by a number and an arrow: (1) Marañon, (2) Valdivia, (3) Machalilla, (4) Bahia/Chorrera, (5) Jama Coaque, (6) La Tolita/Atacames/Nariño, (7) San Augustin, (8) Calima Ilama, (9) Amazonas, (10) Araracuara, (11) Puerto Hormiga, (12) San Jacinto, (13) Barlovento, (14) Zenu, (15) Panama, (16), Maya, (17) Olmec.
