Table 1 Pre-experimental soil, biochar, and irrigation characteristics.

From: Optimizing chili production in drought stress: combining Zn-quantum dot biochar and proline for improved growth and yield

Soil

Values

Biochar

Values

Irrigation

Values

SOC (%)

0.41

pHs

6.93

Carbonates (meq./L)

0.001

EP (mg/kg)

9.28

ECe (dS/m)

3.39

Chloride (meq./L)

0.13

TN (%)

0.0025

Ash Content (%)

32.99

Bicarbonates (meq./L)

4.35

AK (mg/kg)

132

Volatile Matter (%)

17.79

Sodium (meq./L)

31.96

pHs

9.01

Fixed carbon (%)

47.99

Ca + Mg (meq./L)

4.05

ECe (dS/m)

1.97

TP (%)

0.69

EC (µS/cm)

543

Sand (%)

28

TN (%)

1.37

pH

6.50

Silt (%)

38

TK (%)

3.25

TN = Total Nitrogen

EP = Extractable Phosphorus

AK = Available Potassium

CEC = Cation Exchange Capacity

EC = Electrical Conductivity

Clay (%)

37

CEC (meq./100 g)

403

Texture

Clay Loam

Surface area (m2/g)

320