Figure 1 | Scientific Reports

Figure 1

From: A novel combinatorial approach using sulforaphane- and withaferin A-rich extracts for prevention of estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer through epigenetic and gut microbial mechanisms

Figure 1

Early life BSp and/or Ash treatment prevents ER-negative breast tumor development in C3 mice. Effect of different single and combined administration of BSp and Ash on tumor incidence (A), tumor latency (B), tumor growth volume (C,D) and tumor weight measured at the termination point (E). Values are means ± SEMs. The significances of tumor incidence were analyzed using the chi-square test. Means that do not share a common superscript are significantly different at p ≤ 0.05. Significances of tumor volume among treatments were determined using two-way repeated measures ANOVA considering time and treatment as factors. Values are means ± SE, n = 10. Means that do not share a common superscript are significantly different at p ≤ 0.05. Tumor latency and tumor weight comparisons among the dietary groups were performed with One-way ANOVA analysis and Tukey’s HSD. Values are means ± SEM, n = 8–10. Means that do not share a common superscript are significantly different at p ≤ 0.05. Here, BSp: Broccoli sprouts; Ash: Ashwagandha; BSp + Ash: Broccoli sprouts and Ashwagandha combination.

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