Table 1 Characteristics of the study sample (NHANES 2007–2018), weighted.

From: Associations between oxidative balance score and chronic kidney disease events in US adults: a population-based study

 

Overall (N = 13,373)

Oxidative balance score

P-value

Q1 (N = 1853)

Q2 (N = 4438)

Q3 (N = 4373)

Q4 (N = 2709)

Age, years

44.71 ± 16.47

42.62 ± 14.91

44.76 ± 16.07

45.6 ± 16.98

44.75 ± 17.43

< 0.001

Sex, n (%)

 Men

6906 (50.64%)

1424 (77.36%)

2634 (58.76%)

1919 (39.87%)

929 (30.87%)

< 0.001

 Women

6467 (49.36%)

429 (22.63%)

1804 (41.24%)

2454 (60.13%)

1780 (69.13%)

 

RACE, n (%)

 Mexican American

1725 (7.26%)

267 (8.14%)

572 (6.83%)

538 (6.95%)

348 (8.00%)

< 0.001

 Other Hispanic

1259 (5.24%)

166 (5.83%)

367 (4.21%)

440 (5.71%)

286 (6.07%)

 

 Non-Hispanic White

5949 (69.76%)

901 (71.27%)

2138 (73.56%)

1880 (68.13%)

1030 (63.54%)

 

 Non-Hispanic Black

2641 (9.52%)

322 (8.32%)

749 (7.38%)

884 (10.06%)

686 (13.99%)

 

 Other Race

1799 (8.22%)

197 (6.44%)

612 (8.02%)

631 (9.15%)

359 (8.41%)

 

Education, n (%)

     

< 0.001

 Less than high school education attainment

1932 (8.67%)

239 (8.00%)

559 (7.25%)

649 (9.05%)

485 (11.52%)

 

 High school graduate

2674 (19.03%)

354 (17.87%)

802 (17.01%)

882 (18.95%)

636 (24.32%)

 

 Has more than a high school education

8767 (72.30%)

1260 (74.13%)

3077 (75.74%)

2842 (72.00%)

1588 (64.16%)

 

Marital status, n (%)

     

< 0.001

 Married

6928 (55.05%)

425 (55.62%)

1068 (58.78%)

1206 (54.45%)

822 (47.86%)

 

 Never married

2924 (21.97%)

972 (23.43%)

2461 (21.42%)

2247 (20.42%)

1248 (24.71%)

 

 Other status

3521 (22.98%)

456 (20.95%)

909 (19.79%)

920 (25.13%)

639 (27.43%)

 

HDL, mg/dL

55.10 ± 16.87

51.64 ± 15.63

54.81 ± 16.46

56.50 ± 17.00

56.02 ± 17.98

< 0.001

TC, mg/dL

193.90 ± 41.30

191.80 ± 41.23

194.00 ± 41.13

194.20 ± 40.16

195.00 ± 43.67

0.225

Diabetes, n (%)

     

0.056

 Yes

1247 (6.68%)

143 (6.35%)

384 (6.04%)

408 (6.71%)

312 (8.22%)

 

 No

12,126 (93.32%)

1710 (93.65%)

4054 (93.96%)

3965 (93.79%)

2397 (91.78%)

 

Hypertension, n (%)

     

0.753

 Yes

3908 (25.35%)

480 (25.13%)

1256 (25.01%)

1304 (25.16%)

868 (26.59%)

 

 No

9465 (74.65%)

1373 (74.87%)

3182 (74.99%)

3069 (74.84%)

1841 (73.41%)

 

Serum potassium, mmol/L

3.98 ± 0.33

4.03 ± 0.31

4.00 ± 0.32

3.97 ± 0.32

3.93 ± 0.34

< 0.001

Serum sodium, mmol/L

139.30 ± 2.26

139.30 ± 2.24

139.30 ± 2.27

139.40 ± 2.21

139.30 ± 2.34

0.279

eGFR, mL/min 1.73 m2

97.78 ± 19.41

99.75 ± 17.62

97.96 ± 18.55

97.07 ± 20.05

97.07 ± 21.24

< 0.001

ACR, mg/g

22.38 ± 175.30

17.04 ± 92.26

21.98 ± 186.60

21.85 ± 120.20

28.65 ± 265.20

0.243

CKD, n (%)

     

< 0.001

 Yes

1639 (9.86%)

167 (7.40%)

501 (9.06%)

535 (9.83%)

436 (13.62%)

 

 No

11,734 (90.14%)

1686 (92.60%)

3937 (90.94%)

3838 (90.87%)

2273 (86.38%)

 
  1. Mean ± standard error for continuous variables, percentages (%) for categorical variables.
  2. Q1, 0–10 units; Q2, 10–20 units; Q3, 20–30 units; Q4, 30–40 units.
  3. HDL high-density lipoprotein, TC total cholesterol, eGFR estimates of glomerular filtration rate, ACR albumin-to-creatinine ratio, CKD chronic kidney disease.
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