Table 1 Baseline characteristics of older patients with heart failure.

From: SHAP based predictive modeling for 1 year all-cause readmission risk in elderly heart failure patients: feature selection and model interpretation

Characteristic

[ALL]

Readmission

Non readmission

P value

 

N = 8396

N = 3978

N = 4418

 

Age

74.0[68.000, 79.000]

74.0[68.000, 80.000]

73.0 [67.0, 78.0]

< 0.001

Gender

0.658

 Male

4653 (55.4%)

2194 (55.2%)

2459 (55.7%)

 

 Female

3743 (44.6%)

1784 (44.8%)

1959 (44.3%)

 

Smoking history

< 0.001

 No

5861 (69.8%)

2319 (58.3%)

3542 (80.2%)

 

 Yes

2535 (30.2%)

1659 (41.7%)

876 (19.8%)

 

Drinking history

0.017

 No

6615 (78.8%)

3089 (77.7%)

3526 (79.8%)

 

 Yes

1781 (21.2%)

889 (22.3%)

892 (20.2%)

 

Hypertension history

0.966

 No

4218 (50.2%)

1997 (50.2%)

2221 (50.3%)

 

 Yes

4178 (49.8%)

1981 (49.8%)

2197 (49.7%)

 

Diabetes history

< 0.001

 No

6505 (77.5%)

2914 (73.3%)

3591 (81.3%)

 

 Yes

1891 (22.5%)

1064 (26.7%)

827 (18.7%)

 

COPD

0.195

 No

7287 (86.8%)

3432 (86.3%)

3855 (87.3%)

 

 Yes

1109 (13.2%)

546 (13.7%)

563 (12.7%)

 

Spirit

< 0.001

 Normal

4623 (55.1%)

2100 (52.8%)

2523 (57.1%)

 

 Bad

3773 (44.9%)

1878 (47.2%)

1895 (42.9%)

 

Appetite

< 0.001

 Normal

5372 (64.0%)

2416 (60.7%)

2956 (66.9%)

 

 Bad

3024 (36.0%)

1562 (39.3%)

1462 (33.1%)

 

Sleep

0.002

 Normal

4447 (53.0%)

2034 (51.1%)

2413 (54.6%)

 

 Bad

3949 (47.0%)

1944 (48.9%)

2005 (45.4%)

 

Discharge department

0.006

 Cardiology

6065 (72.2%)

2817 (70.8%)

3248 (73.5%)

 

 Others

2331 (27.8%)

1161 (29.2%)

1170 (26.5%)

 

Medical insurance

0.297

 Cash payment

1025 (12.21%)

538 (12.18%)

487 (12.24%)

 

 Resident

4845 (57.71%)

2582 (58.44%)

2263 (56.89%)

 

 Employee

2526 (30.09%)

1298 (29.38%)

1228 (30.87%)

 

Admission way

0.907

 Nonemergency

6778 (80.7%)

3214 (80.8%)

3564 (80.7%)

 

 Emergency

1618 (19.3%)

764 (19.2%)

854 (19.3%)

 

Education

0.804

 Llliteracy

817 (9.7%)

394 (9.9%)

423 (9.6%)

 

 Primary school

5377 (64.0%)

2550 (64.1%)

2827 (64.0%)

 

 Middle school

1743 (20.8%)

808 (20.3%)

935 (21.2%)

 

 High school

350 (4.2%)

350 (4.2%)

350 (4.2%)

 

 University

109 (1.3%)

53 (1.3%)

56 (1.3%)

 

Temperature

36.520 [36.500, 36.600]

36.527 [36.500, 36.600]

36.513 [36.500, 36.600]

0.006

Heart rate

79.000 [72.000, 88.000]

79.600 [72.000, 88.000]

78.000 [72.000, 87.000]

0.002

Respiratory rate

20.200[20.000, 21.000]

20.267 [20.000, 21.000]

20.200 [20.000, 21.000]

0.041

LOS

9.000 [6.000, 12.000]

9.000 [7.000, 13.000]

8.000 [6.000, 11.000]

< 0.001

K

3.760 [3.500 4.090]

3.800 [3.500 4.110]

3.730 [3.470 4.000]

< 0.001

Cl

105.200 [102.300, 107.875]

105.000 [102.000, 107.900]

105.400 [102.600, 107.800]

0.007

Na

139.033 [136.800, 141.200]

139.000 [136.500, 141.100]

139.100 [137.000, 141.200]

0.046

Ca

1.160 [1.110, 2.200]

1.150 [1.100, 2.170]

1.180 [1.110, 2.220]

< 0.001

cTnT

0.026 [0.012, 0.121]

0.027 [0.012, 0.104]

0.025 [0.011, 0.142]

0.386

NT-proBNP

1859.000 [1058.000, 3090.113]

2169.853 [1525.750, 3364.000]

1355.100 [857.775, 2738.789]

< 0.001

WBC

6.620 [5.080, 9.000]

6.590 [5.000, 9.000]

6.660 [5.170, 8.960]

0.449

HGB

116.000 [96.000, 130.000]

106.000 [87.000, 124.000]

121.000 [108.000, 133.000]

< 0.001

PLT

161.000 [124.000, 205.000]

160.000 [122.250, 205.000]

161.933 [126.000, 205.000]

0.418

HCT

0.378 [0.338, 0.414]

0.377 [0.332, 0.415]

0.379 [0.340, 0.414]

0.112

Monocyte

0.445 [0.350, 0.550]

0.450 [0.350, 0.550]

0.440 [0.350, 0.550]

0.351

Lymphocyte

1.290 [0.930, 1.630]

1.250 [0.900, 1.605]

1.312 [0.960, 1.650]

< 0.001

MCH

30.400 [29.300, 31.400]

30.300 [29.100, 31.400]

30.467 [29.460, 31.400]

< 0.001

MCHC

323.000 [317.000, 329.000]

322.000 [316.350, 329.000]

323.200 [318.000, 329.000]

< 0.001

Eosinophil

0.143 [0.090, 0.220]

0.140 [0.084, 0.220]

0.147 [0.090, 0.220]

0.548

Basophil

0.027 [0.020, 0.032]

0.027 [0.020, 0.033]

0.028 [0.020, 0.032]

0.534

Neutrophil

4.570 [3.480, 6.160]

4.570 [3.480, 6.238]

4.570 [3.480, 6.110]

0.545

CRP

5.830 [1.520, 14.507]

6.228 [1.683, 15.390]

5.380 [1.390, 14.090]

< 0.001

LDL-C

2.090 [1.665, 2.530]

2.070 [1.656, 2.519]

2.106 [1.680, 2.545]

0.044

HDL-C

1.170 [0.960, 1.327]

1.170 [0.960, 1.330]

1.164 [0.970, 1.320]

0.751

TG

1.200 [0.940, 1.520]

1.209 [0.960, 1.548]

1.190 [0.930, 1.505]

0.026

GGT

30.000 [18.300, 51.525]

31.319 [19.100, 53.381]

28.553 [17.600, 49.400]

< 0.001

UA

361.300 [291.490, 442.225]

364.940 [292.450, 451.750]

357.291 [290.495, 433.075]

0.001

Cr

76.943 [63.000, 98.825]

78.900 [64.000, 104.000]

75.055 [62.200, 95.400]

< 0.001

eGFR

77.900 [60.460, 93.800]

76.008 [56.545, 92.370]

79.646 [63.742, 95.260]

< 0.001

CK-MB

2.290 [1.450, 3.890]

2.350 [1.491, 3.900]

2.240 [1.430, 3.880]

0.085

DBiL

3.600 [2.400, 5.300]

3.650 [2.400, 5.400]

3.600 [2.400, 5.245]

0.176

TBiL

13.970 [10.300, 18.369]

13.920 [10.300, 18.700]

14.000 [10.300, 18.070]

0.602

TT

17.400 [16.500, 18.213]

17.400 [16.500, 18.200]

17.400 [16.402, 18.233]

0.826

FBG

6.700 [5.270, 8.238]

6.700 [5.270, 8.300]

6.700 [5.270, 8.200]

0.837

GLB

28.700 [26.100, 31.600]

28.900 [26.200, 31.800]

28.513 [26.000, 31.405]

0.001

ALB

37.300 [34.500, 40.000]

37.000 [34.100, 39.700]

37.600 [34.700, 40.158]

< 0.001

PT

13.800 [13.000, 14.547]

13.900 [13.100, 14.700]

13.700 [13.000, 14.460]

< 0.001

FIB

3.470 [2.980, 4.060]

3.480 [2.982, 4.100]

3.461 [2.970, 4.020]

0.161

FT3

2.693 [2.420, 2.975]

2.685 [2.394, 2.970]

2.700 [2.440, 2.980]

0.068

FT4

1.450 [1.190, 3.308]

1.480 [1.200, 3.329]

1.430 [1.190, 3.284]

0.002

TSH

2.162 [1.383, 4.327]

2.179 [1.376, 4.353]

2.152 [1.393, 4.292]

0.486

HCY

16.370 [13.108, 20.000]

16.700 [13.224, 20.252]

16.099 [13.000, 19.763]

< 0.001

ALT

19.000 [12.700, 30.000]

19.096 [12.600, 29.775]

19.000 [12.700, 30.200]

0.603

ALP

82.000 [69.700, 98.874]

82.571 [70.600, 100.890]

81.700 [69.000, 97.000]

0.001

AOD

32.467 [31.000, 35.000]

32.467 [31.000, 35.000]

32.467 [31.200, 35.000]

0.670

PAD

22.733 [21.000, 24.000]

23.000 [21.150, 25.000]

22.333 [21.000, 23.517]

< 0.001

IVS

10.267 [10.000, 11.000]

10.267 [10.000, 11.000]

10.267 [10.000, 11.000]

0.298

LVPW

9.800 [9.000, 10.000]

10.000 [9.000, 10.000]

9.733 [9.000, 10.000]

0.005

LVDD

47.600 [45.000, 51.000]

47.600 [45.000, 52.000]

47.533 [45.067, 51.000]

0.132

RVD

22.000 [21.000, 23.000]

22.000 [21.000, 23.000]

22.000 [21.000, 23.000]

< 0.001

LVEF

58.233 [52.000, 62.000]

57.000 [51.000, 61.000]

59.967 [55.000, 64.000]

< 0.001

LV enlargement

< 0.001

 No

7503 (89.4%)

3474 (87.3%)

4029 (91.2%)

 

 Yes

893 (10.6%)

504 (12.7%)

389 (8.8%)

 

LA enlargement

< 0.001

 No

6177 (73.6%)

2826 (71.0%)

3351 (75.8%)

 

 Yes

2219 (26.4%)

1152 (29.0%)

1067 (24.2%)

 

RV enlargement

0.001

 No

8051 (95.9%)

3785 (95.1%)

4266 (96.6%)

 

 Yes

345 (4.1%)

193 (4.9%)

152 (3.4%)

 

RA enlargement

< 0.001

 No

7274 (86.6%)

3376 (84.9%)

3898 (88.2%)

 

 Yes

1122 (13.4%)

602 (15.1%)

520 (11.8%)

 

ARNI

< 0.001

 No

1535 (18.3%)

893 (22.4%)

642 (14.5%)

 

 Yes

6861 (81.7%)

3085 (77.6%)

3776 (85.5%)

 

Diuretic

< 0.001

 No

446 (5.3%)

340 (8.5%)

106 (2.4%)

 

 Yes

7950 (94.7%)

3638 (91.5%)

4312 (97.6%)

 

β-blocker

< 0.001

 No

1441 (17.2%)

756 (19.0%)

685 (15.5%)

 

 Yes

6955 (82.8%)

3222 (81.0%)

3733 (84.5%)

 

NYHA classification

< 0.001

 I

521 (6.2%)

108 (2.7%)

413 (9.3%)

 

 II

3480 (41.4%)

1197 (30.1%)

2283 (51.7%)

 

 III

3642 (43.4%)

2222 (55.9%)

1420 (32.1%)

 

 IV

753 (9.0%)

451 (11.3%)

302 (6.8%)

 
  1. COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LOS, Length of stay; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; WBC, White blood cell counts; HGB, Hemoglobin; PLT, Platelets counts; HCT, Hematocrit; MCH, Mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC, Mean corpusular hemoglobin concerntration; CRP, C-reactive protein; LDL-C, Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, High-density lipoproteincholesterol; TG, Triglyceride; GGT, Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; UA, Uric acid; Cr, Creatinine; eGFR, Estimated glomerular filtration rate; CK-MB, Creatine kinase MB; DBiL, Direct Bilirubin; TBiL, Total bilirubin; TT, Thrombin time; FBG, Fasting blood glucose; GLB, Globulin; ALB, Albumin; PT, Prothrombin time; FIB, Fibrinogen; FT3, Free triiodothyronine 3; FT4, Free triiodothyronine 4; TSH, Thyroid stimulating hormone; HCY, Homocysteine; ALT, Alanine transaminase; ALP:Alkaline Phosphatase; AOD, Aortic dimension; PAD, Pulmonary artery diameter; IVS, Interventricular septal; LVPW, Left ventricular posterior wall; LVDD, Left ventricular end diastolic dimension; RVD, Right ventricular diameter; LVEF, Left ventricular ejection fractions; LV, Left ventricle; LA, Left atrium; RV, Right ventricle; RA, Right atrium; ARNI, Angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor; NYHA, New York Heart Association.
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