Table 3 The epistatic effects among three SSSLs on plant height (ph, cm) and thousand kernel weight (tkw, g).

From: Epistatic interaction has the reverse effects with its constitutive quantitative trait loci

SSSL combination

Epistasis

Early season

Late season

ph/cm

tkw/g

ph/cm

tkw/g

S1/S2/S3

aaa

9.81*

− 5.45

11.52**

1.04

aad

12.88**

− 6.18

− 5.57

1.30

ada

2.52

− 11.25**

12.93**

− 1.91

daa

5.70

− 5.24

16.25**

0.43

add

7.16

− 10.04**

9.06*

− 0.48

dad

12.43*

− 9.65**

7.94

− 1.26

dda

− 0.01

− 11.17**

19.80**

− 0.44

ddd

2.10

− 1.48

16.56**

0.85

S1/S2/S4

aaa

15.51**

− 3.10

3.64

0.13

aad

10.38*

− 5.50

6.29

1.08

ada

4.78

− 10.91**

2.47

− 4.91*

add

16.28**

− 10.59**

16.10**

− 2.88

dad

7.45

− 6.46

14.93**

0.36

dda

8.36

− 0.52

18.45**

0.61

daa

− 1.36

− 8.66*

18.85**

0.01

ddd

− 3.19

− 11.11**

20.61**

− 0.63

S1/S2/S5

aaa

− 7.40

− 5.46

–

− 0.56

aad

10.60*

− 2.03

–

0.68

ada

0.50

− 12.11**

1.84

− 0.14

daa

13.74**

− 3.55

–

1.71

add

− 2.82

− 6.54

12.71**

2.31

dad

− 1.46

− 1.99

–

0.90

dda

6.22

− 6.53

5.54

2.83

ddd

6.18

− 2.61

9.99*

− 4.22*

S1/S3/S4

aaa

14.68**

− 13.64**

2.03

− 2.83

aad

− 2.10

− 7.94*

9.23*

0.86

ada

0.16

− 12.44**

− 3.09

− 3.23

daa

10.44*

− 8.52*

14.94**

1.99

add

− 4.39

− 5.38

12.17**

0.13

dad

1.16

− 7.75*

14.92**

1.55

dda

6.48

− 1.92

11.55**

1.07

ddd

5.31

− 3.83

29.94**

1.07

S2/S3/S4

aaa

8.40

− 3.64

13.06**

0.03

aad

1.97

− 0.58

7.98

1.38

ada

19.93**

− 6.12

− 1.15

1.71

daa

8.40

− 5.45

− 0.59

1.96

add

11.86*

− 0.96

13.40**

0.15

dad

12.14*

− 5.98

4.78

2.04

dda

3.25

1.84

− 2.14

0.10

ddd

0.48

− 2.06

4.86

1.73

S2/S3/S5

aaa

16.59**

− 3.23

17.62**

− 3.88

aad

− 4.73

− 10.02**

–

− 2.62

ada

5.28

− 3.77

–

− 3.11

daa

3.89

− 11.93**

15.46**

− 4.45*

add

15.28**

− 5.76

–

0.27

dad

8.78

− 9.76**

12.53**

− 2.09

dda

8.57

− 0.64

5.34

0.58

ddd

4.80

− 4.30

19.75**

1.23

  1. aaa, aad, ada, daa, add, dad, dda and ddd indicated the additive–additive–additive, additive–additive–dominance, additive–dominance–additive, dominance–additive–additive, additive–dominance–dominance, dominance–additive–dominance, dominance–dominance–additive, and dominance–dominance–dominance epistases, respectively. “–” indicated that the allele from the donor decreased the measurement traits. “*” and “**” represented the significance at the probability levels 0.05 and 0.01, respectively.
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