Fig. 2

Results: Types of responses and codability. (a) Types of responses given by the Maniq and Polish speakers in the facial movement and emotion task. The mosaic plots show the overall proportion of bodily action, mental state, and other responses, across each task. Across tasks, Maniq speakers provided more bodily action responses than Polish speakers, while Polish speakers provided more mental state responses than Maniq speakers. Stimuli adapted from the Amsterdam Dynamic Facial Expression Set60 (reproduced with permission) (b) Boxplots of codability scores, measured with Simpson’s Diversity Index (SDI), across the two experimental tasks for Maniq and Polish. In Maniq, codability was higher for facial movements than for emotions, whereas in Polish there was no difference. Codability of facial movements was also higher for Maniq than for Polish. The center lines within the boxes mark the medians, the boxes extend from the first to third quartiles, the whiskers and individual data points mark the range of obtained values.