Fig. 1
From: Origin of sandy substrates controlling the distribution of open vegetation ecosystems in Amazonia
Distribution of open vegetation ecosystems within the Amazonia biome and sites with OSL and radiocarbon (14C) ages for the substrates supporting these ecosystems. The inset on the top right shows the Amazonia biome within the South America continent. Sites sampled in this study can be observed in more detail in Figs. 3, 4 and 5. Geographical coordinates of samples and ages data are shown in Supplementary Tables S1 and S2. This map was created with ArcMap 10.8 software (https://www.esri.com/en-us/arcgis/products/arcgis-desktop/resources). Data sources: South America boundaries - U.S. Department of State, Office of the Geographer. (2013); digital elevation data - USGS EROS Archive Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Void Filled resampled to 1 km resolution; rivers - ESRI and CPRM (https://geosgb.sgb.gov.br/); Amazon boundary, Beni savanna and Pantepui - Olson et al.21; Guianan savannas and Campos or cerrado - courtesy of Alberto Vicentini and INPA GIS Lab, M. Alencar and A. Carneiro; White-sand ecosystems - IBGE hydromorphic spodosols (https://www.ibge.gov.br/geociencias/informacoes-ambientais/pedologia/10871-pedologia.html?=&t=downloads), files courtesy of Alberto Vicentini and INPA GIS Lab, M. Alencar and A. Carneiro, including files based on Radambrasil22, ter Steege and Zondervan23, Vriesendorp et al.24 and Josse et al.25, and files courtesy of H. ter Steege for Colombia and Suriname WSE.
