Table 10 Cross-Domain method evaluation.

From: Detecting command injection attacks in web applications based on novel deep learning methods

Year and author

Acc (%)

Pre (%)

Rec (%)

F1 (%)

2020 and Tang27

97.75

96.27

96.88

95.42

2023 and Crespo-Martínez28

96.42

96.23

95.82

96.82

2016 and Kar29

95.12

94.31

93.46

94.64

2022 and Liu30

99.23

98.91

98.64

96.51

2024 and Wang31

98.91

98.22

98.11

95.32

Our model

99.21

99.13

99.24

98.91