Fig. 5

Volcano plot denotes the univariate analysis of significantly different (p < 0.05) metabolites obtained through one-way ANOVA and Post-hoc analysis (Fisher’s LSD). The X-axis and Y-axis represent Fold Change (log2FC) and T-test (-log10 p-value) respectively. Shades of red represent significant upregulations whereas the blue shades symbolize significant downregulations. The alterations in metabolites between different treatments and control group have been graphically represented through volcano plot as (a) T-1 vs. control group, (b) T-4 vs. control group, and (c) T-7 vs. control group.