Fig. 7

Assessment of P-tau217 levels from lysed EVs from trapped CSF samples using meso scale discovery (MSD). This assay quantifies P-tau217 in EVs isolated from the CSF of an AD patient (N = 1) from the preliminary group, from three different MSD plates. Each sample underwent two trapping cycles at specified aspiration volumes to ensure consistency. CSF samples were aspirated at volumes set at 100 µl, 75 µl, and 50 µl for acoustic trapping and then EVs were lysed using 0.5% Tween. In the final column is the signal from a sample trapped from 75 µl but without lysis. The assay’s sensitivity was calibrated to detect P-tau217 at a minimum of twice the concentration of the lowest standard, ensuring reliable low-level detection. The low-level detection limit is average N = 3.