Table 1 The characteristics of participants and incidence rate of diabetes.
From: Non-linear relationship between lipid accumulation products and risk of diabetes in Japanese adults
Characteristic | Total | Q1 (LAP ≤ 4.89) | Q2 (4.89 < LAP ≤ 9.95) | Q3 (9.95 < LAP ≤ 19.67 | Q4 (LAP > 19.67) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Participants | 15,263 | 3813 | 3811 | 3820 | 3819 | Â |
Sex | < 0.001 | |||||
 Female | 6927 (45.38%) | 2524 (66.19%) | 2027 (53.19%) | 1493 (39.08%) | 883 (23.12%) |  |
 Male | 8336 (54.62%) | 1289 (33.81%) | 1784 (46.81%) | 2327 (60.92%) | 2936 (76.88%) |  |
Age(years) | 43.73 ± 8.88 | 40.65 ± 8.46 | 43.13 ± 8.80 | 45.23 ± 8.74 | 45.91 ± 8.57 | < 0.001 |
Alcoholic intake (g/wk) | 42 (37–50) | 1 (0-23.38) | 1 (0–60) | 2.8 (0–84) | 12 (1-108) | < 0.001 |
Smoking status | < 0.001 | |||||
 Never-smoker | 8898 (58.30%) | 2761 (72.41%) | 2428 (63.71%) | 2043 (53.48%) | 1666 (43.62%) |  |
 Ex-smoker | 2932 (19.21%) | 470 (12.33%) | 660 (17.32%) | 868 (22.72%) | 934 (24.46%) |  |
 Current-smoker | 3433 (22.49%) | 582 (15.26%) | 723 (18.97%) | 909 (23.80%) | 1219 (31.92%) |  |
Exercise habits | < 0.001 | |||||
 No | 12,592 (82.50%) | 3095 (81.17%) | 3102 (81.40%) | 3152 (82.51%) | 3243 (84.92%) |  |
 Yes | 2671 (17.50%) | 718 (18.83%) | 709 (18.60%) | 668 (17.49%) | 576 (15.08%) |  |
SBP (mmHg) | 114.63 ± 14.94 | 107.14 ± 12.70 | 111.55 ± 13.23 | 116.71 ± 13.85 | 123.11 ± 14.95 | < 0.001 |
DBP (mmHg) | 71.67 ± 10.50 | 66.44 ± 8.84 | 69.44 ± 9.48 | 72.94 ± 9.79 | 77.84 ± 10.25 | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.18 ± 3.10 | 19.41 ± 1.69 | 21.22 ± 1.87 | 22.82 ± 2.18 | 25.27 ± 2.94 | < 0.001 |
WC (cm) | 76.70 ± 8.93 | 67.26 ± 4.61 | 73.88 ± 4.93 | 79.34 ± 5.43 | 86.29 ± 6.93 | < 0.001 |
ALT (IU/L) | 17 (13–23) | 14 (11–18) | 15 (12–19) | 18 (13-23.25) | 23 (17–33) | < 0.001 |
AST (IU/L) | 17 (14–21) | 16 (13–19) | 16 (13–20) | 17 (14–21) | 20 (16–24) | < 0.001 |
GGT (IU/L) | 15 (11–22) | 12 (10–15) | 13 (11–18) | 16 (12–23) | 23 (16–35) | < 0.001 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.46 ± 0.40 | 1.69 ± 0.39 | 1.57 ± 0.37 | 1.40 ± 0.35 | 1.17 ± 0.29 | < 0.001 |
TG (mmol/L) | 0.73 (0.50–1.13) | 0.42 (0.32–0.55) | 0.59 (0.47–0.75) | 0.85 (0.68–1.05) | 1.48 (1.15–1.94) | < 0.001 |
TC (mmol/L) | 5.13 ± 0.86 | 4.76 ± 0.78 | 4.98 ± 0.81 | 5.22 ± 0.81 | 5.54 ± 0.86 | < 0.001 |
HbA1c (%) | 5.17 ± 0.32 | 5.11 ± 0.30 | 5.14 ± 0.31 | 5.19 ± 0.32 | 5.25 ± 0.34 | < 0.001 |
FPG (mmol/L) | 5.16 ± 0.41 | 4.97 ± 0.39 | 5.09 ± 0.40 | 5.22 ± 0.38 | 5.37 ± 0.37 | < 0.001 |
DM | < 0.001 | |||||
 No | 14,890 (97.56%) | 3786 (99.29%) | 3774 (99.03%) | 3747 (98.09%) | 3583 (93.82%) |  |
 Yes | 373 (2.44%) | 27 (0.71%) | 37 (0.97%) | 73 (1.91%) | 236 (6.18%) |  |
Cumulative incidence (%) (95% CI) | 2.44 (2.20–2.69) | 0.71 (0.44–0.97) | 0.97 (0.66–1.28) | 1.91 (1.48-2,35) | 6.18 (5.42–6.94) | < 0.001 |
Per 100,000 person-year | 404.23 | 116.08 | 163.41 | 318.36 | 1,006.74 | < 0.001 |
