Fig. 1
In vitro model for the study of testis torsion. (A) Fold change of three antioxidant protein levels identified by proteomic analysis of testicular tissues from patients with testis torsion versus testicular tissue from healthy individuals. Catalase (CAT); Glutamate-cysteine ligase regulatory subunit (GCLM); Glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC). (B) Representative bright-field images of gubernacular cells from patient #4 and testicular cells from patient #NR1 during in vitro cell culture. Zoom 10x; scale bar: 100 μm. (C) Fold change of ROS levels is the average of the values analyzed in two patient-derived cells (#4 and #NR1) grown in hypoxia (1% O2) for 6 h and then left in normoxia (atmospheric O2) for 24 h, compared to the same cell types cultured for 24 h in standard condition. Values are the means (± SE) of at least three independent biological replicates. Statistical analysis: * p < 0.05; *** p < 0.001.
