Table 3 Comparison of the seasonal distribution of respiratory pathogen infection among hospitalized children with ARTIs before and after ending the zero COVID policy.

Spring (3–5 m)

Before ending the zero COVID policy

3033

189

(6.2)

2

(0.1)

17

(0.6)

58

(1.9)

28

(0.9)

443

(14.6)

165

(5.4)

70

(3.2)

218

(7.2)

1118

(36.9)

After ending the zero COVID policy

7393

1418

(19.2)

583

(7.9)

103

(1.4)

496

(6.7)

739

(10.0)

2234

(30.2)

62

(0.8)

236

(3.2)

1491

(20.0)

5983

(80.9)

P

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

0.015

<0.001

<0.001

Summer (6–8 m)

Before ending the zero COVID policy

4868

212

(4.4)

218

(4.5)

0

(0.0)

250

(5.1)

53

(1.1)

900

(18.5)

295

(6.1)

242

(5.0)

470

(9.7)

2383

(49.0)

After ending the zero COVID policy

3632

697

(19.2)

34

(0.9)

1

(0.0)

528

(14.5)

58

(1.6)

583

(16.1)

87

(2.4)

82

(2.3)

1619

(4.6)

2890

(79.6)

P

<0.001

<0.001

0.247

<0.001

0.041

0.003

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

Autumn (9–11 m)

Before ending the zero COVID policy

7091

892

(12.6)

103

(1.5)

51

(0.7)

761

(10.7)

84

(1.2)

1621

(22.9)

621

(8.8)

531

(7.5)

543

(7.7)

4436

(62.6)

After ending the zero COVID policy

4335

426

(9.8)

270

(6.2)

21

(0.5)

325

(7.5)

187

(4.3)

1079

(24.9)

119

(2.7)

152

(3.5)

2228

(52.8)

3571

(82.4)

P

<0.001

<0.001

0.124

<0.001

<0.001

0.013

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

Winter (12 –2 m)

Before ending the zero COVID policy

6949

1633

(23.5)

43

(0.6)

268

(3.9)

357

(5.1)

73

(1.1)

630

(9.1)

441

(6.3)

499

(7.2)

513

(7.4)

3913

(56.3)

After ending the zero COVID policy

5078

927

(18.3)

412

(8.1)

494

(9.7)

141

(2.8)

608

(12.0)

759

(14.9)

48

(0.9)

700

(7.9)

1431

(28.2)

4058

(79.9)

P

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

0.152

<0.001

<0.001