Fig. 7

Backward trajectory map on the SLW cloud case and atmospheric river case. Three-day 27-ensemble backward trajectories starting from 23:00 UTC 25 December 2022 (red lines) and from 13:00 UTC 22 February 2023 (blue lines). The initial height is 3000 m. The former case corresponds to the altocumulus case as SLW clouds. The latter is an ice cloud case associated with an atmospheric river event28. Color dots indicate the ship position for each case. The gray line denotes the ship track.