Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the three cohorts, focusing on patients and in-hospitalized time points after preprocessing. For categorical features, their occurrences are described, while for numerical features, their mean and standard deviation are specified.
| Â | KNUH | KNIH | NCCAP |
|---|---|---|---|
Train Internal validation | External validation | ||
COVID-19 | Pneumonia | ||
Feb.2020 - Oct.2022 | Jan.2021 - Sep.2022 | Mar.2020 - Feb.2023 | |
Demographics | (Baseline: # of patients) | ||
Number of patients (n) | 4,509 | 443 | 33 |
Age | 62.45 ± 18.81 | 52.64±16.55 | 71.31±11.96 |
Gender (male, n, %) | 2,232 (49.50) | 244 (55.08) | 23 (71.88) |
Weight (kg) | 63.45 ± 21.57 | 67.60±14.46 | - |
Height (cm) | 163.53 ± 26.35 | 165.09±9.53 | - |
Mortality (n,%) | 375 (8.32) | 5 (1.13) | 8 (25) |
Clinical features | (Baseline: # of admission timepoints) | ||
Vital signal | |||
Temperature (\(^{\circ }{C}\)) | 36.54 ± 0.33 | 37.23 ± 0.73 | 36.57 ± 0.32 |
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 124.21 ± 15.22 | 114.46 ± 15.42 | 122.60 ± 17.15 |
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 73.38 ± 9.75 | 72.62 ± 11.50 | 72.29 ± 10.99 |
Pulse (BPM) | 81.16 ± 14.46 | 83.06 ± 14.72 | 91.59 ± 13.39 |
Breath (BPM) | 20.27 ± 2.69 | 20.11 ± 3.67 | 19.36 ± 3.74 |
Saturation of Partial pressure Oxygen (%) | 97.77 ± 1.76 | 96.55 ± 12.33 | 98.19 ± 1.50 |
Laboratory test | |||
Blood Urea Nitrogen (mg/dL) | 28.59 ± 23.48 | 17.03 ± 12.12 | 33.15 ± 26.35 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.46 ± 1.98 | 0.97 ± 1.27 | 1.72 ± 1.87 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 11.49 ± 2.26 | 12.83 ± 1.96 | 9.69 ± 1.84 |
Lactate Dehydrogenase (U/L) | 341.97 ± 307.75 | 474.14 ± 367.25 | 455.36 ± 551.78 |
Lymphocytes (%) | 18.17 ± 13.20 | 23.27 ± 12.98 | 12.42 ± 9.27 |
Neutrophils (%) | 71.76 ± 16.64 | 66.79 ± 15.60 | 78.34 ± 13.40 |
Platelet count (\(10^3\)/uL) | 214.93 ± 116.01 | 227.53 ± 96.53 | 243.98 ± 158.32 |
White Blood Cell count (\(10^3\)/uL) | 8.83 ± 6.72 | 6.98 ± 4.66 | 10.92 ± 13.78 |
C-Reactive Protein (mg/dL) | 4.25 ± 5.82 | 2.57 ± 3.96 | 7.40 ± 6.87 |
O2 treatments (n, %) | (Baseline: # of admission timepoints) | ||
Room air | 29,252 (62.85%) | 3,576 (76.85%) | 165 (23.44%) |
Nasal | 8,074 (17.35%) | 528 (11.35%) | 286 (40.62%) |
Mask | 769 (1.65%) | 45 (0.97%) | 23 (3.27%) |
High Flow Nasal Cannula | 4,918 (10.57%) | 249 (5.35%) | 117 (16.62%) |
Ventilation tube | 3,529 (7.58%) | 255 (5.48%) | 113 (16.05%) |
