Fig. 1

The booster vaccination study participant workflow. The booster safety set (bSS) included the participants receiving at least one booster. The booster per protocol set (bPPS) included the participants who completed the booster vaccination, provided blood samples before and at 14 days after receiving the booster, and had no severe protocol violations. The immune persistence set (IPS) included the participants who completed the booster vaccination and provided blood samples at 12 months after the primary vaccination. Blood samples were collected at 12 months after the primary vaccination from the first 100 participants in each group. 1st: first booster; 2nd: second booster.