Fig. 1: Experimental film sequence production.

This panel depicts the three-step process of creating film sequences. Initially, two cameras, strategically positioned along a 180-degree axis, were used to capture the sequences using a shot-reverse-shot structure: one camera recorded neutral faces against a blue screen, and the other captured emotional scenes. The face clips and scene clips were retained in full color for the color film sequences and converted to grayscale for the black-and-white sequences. Participants evaluated the valence of both face and scene materials. In the final stage, face clips were digitally extracted, their backgrounds replaced, and then paired with corresponding emotional scenes, resulting in film sequences available in both color and black-and-white formats. This figure was produced by the authors. This figure was produced by the authors. This figure is covered by the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Reproduced with permission of Yiwen Wang; copyright © Cao et al. all rights reserved.