Fig. 5: Simulated decadal inter-basin connectivity in a Pacific pacemaker experiment.
From: Synchronous decadal climate variability in the tropical Central Pacific and tropical South Atlantic
a The applied air–sea coupling mask (shading, unit: %) in the partially CM2.1 coupled model with prescribed CP ENSO-like SST anomaly forcing; ensemble mean of anomalous b SST (shading, unit: K), c OLR (shading, unit: W m−2), d 850 hPa zonal wind (shading, unit: m s−1) and stream function (contours, unit: 106 m2 s−1), e TT (shading, unit: K) vertically averaged between 850 hPa and 200 hPa, and f 200 hPa rotating zonal wind (shading, unit: m s−1) and wave activity flux (vectors, unit: m2 s−2) during the MAMJJA season. The green dashed lines in b enclose the region of no active air–sea coupling with a mask value of zero. Black dashed arrows in (d–f) illustrate the southern hemisphere extratropical teleconnection pathway. Stippled shading and green vectors indicate the values exceeding the 90% confidence level based on a two-tailed Student’s t-test.
