Fig. 4: Overview of HistoTME predictions for a lung resection case predicted to be immune desert.

A, B Low magnification view of a metastatic NSCLC tumor resection sample and its predicted TME signature profile. C–E Matched whole slide immunohistochemistry images of the same tumor sample dual stained for CD4 (brown)+CD8 (magenta)markers, CD3 (brown)+CD20(magenta) markers, and P40 (brown)+CD163 (magenta) markers respectively. F HistoTME generated attention maps for each attention head. Below each whole slide attention map are 4 representative high magnification image tiles (50 × 50 µm) sampled from high attention areas. Supplementary Fig. 7 shows another related example along with higher magnification image tiles randomly sampled from high attention areas.