Fig. 2: Adipogenic and mitochondrial function of patient-derived adipose cells.
a, At indicated time points of cultivation, subcutaneous SVF cells from the patient and control (Ctr) children, all presenting with overweight or obesity (n = 4; 3 females, 1 male), matched for age (mean age 13.8 years) were differentiated into adipocytes. Nuclei were stained with Hoechst (blue) and lipids with Nile red (green). b, Percentage of differentiated cells determined by cell counting. c, Using the same differentiated cells adipogenic capacity was quantified using Oil Red O. d, Relative expression of the adipogenic marker genes adipocyte protein 2 (AP2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARG) and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) in differentiated SVF cells from the patient and controls (n = 4). The differentiation was examined over n = 3 independent experiments (cells seeded for differentiation at days 65, 83 and 98 of cultivation). Data are presented as fold change in relation to the controls. e, Doubling time of SVF cells from the patient and control children (Ctr, n = 4) shown as mean with s.e. from n = 2 experiments at day 49 and 71 of cultivation. f, Cell viability was assessed by WST-1 assay in n = 3 experiments at day 49, 71 and 89 of cultivation. g, Mitochondrial function of SVF cells from the patient and controls (n = 4) measured in n = 3 independent experiments using the Seahorse Mito Stress Test kit. Data are presented as fold change in relation to the controls. The data points of each independent experiment are indicated for each individual (b–g). Bar plots represent the mean ± s.e.m. All bar plots from controls are shown in blue and from the patient in red. Statistical significance was assessed using two-sided Student’s t-test without adjustment of multiple comparisons.
