Correction to: Nature Food https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-023-00714-z. Published online 28 February 2023.

In the version of this article initially published, there was a typo in the fourth paragraph where in the text now beginning “Currently, 38% of crop residues produced in China are burned in the field…,” “38%” appeared originally as “82%”, which is now updated in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.