Fig. 6: Time-resolved photoluminescence decay curves of MAPI and MAPIC perovskite films.
From: Advanced spectroscopic techniques for characterizing defects in perovskite solar cells

Scanning electron microscopy image and PL spectral image at 295 K for a MAPIC and b MAPI films. c Corresponding PL decays at 295 K. d Contribution of the sub-bandgap PL to the total PL at 77 K and its correlation with PL intensity at room temperature in MAPbI3 perovskite film. Blue dots refer to unmodified MAPI film and red dots depict optimized MAPIC film. The correlation between the defect emission at 77 K and the PLQY of the sample is depicted in yellow. Reproduced with permission from ref. 60, copyright (American Chemical Society, 2020).