Fig. 8: Revealing trap states in MAPbI3 perovskite films using Ultrafast photocurrent spectroscopy.
From: Advanced spectroscopic techniques for characterizing defects in perovskite solar cells
a Depiction of phonon-assisted tunneling and hopping transport dynamics. Three distinct regions of the normalized photocurrent are shown under an electric field of 4 × 103 Vcm−1 and 20 µJ cm−2 laser fluence. Reproduced with permission from ref. 69, copyright (Springer Nature, 2021). b Schematic of sample structure and phase-locked pulse photocurrent spectroscopy. c Fourier transforms of photocurrent beat (solid line) and excitation pulse intensity (dotted line); the dashed line indicates the difference between these Fourier spectra. Reproduced with permission from ref. 70, copyright (American Chemical Society, 2016).
